Slate-sawing machine



(No Model.) 2-Sheets-Sheet 1. L. B. CLOGSTON.

Slate Sawing Machine.

No. 232,000. Patented Sept. 7,1880.

Wz'fzzesses.

N.PETERS. PHDTO-LITHOGRAPNEH, WASHINGTON. u I;v

(No Model.) 0 2Sheets-She0t 2. I

L.. B. GLOGSTON.

Slate Sawing Machine.

No. 232,000. Patented Sept. 7,1880.

N-PETERS. PHOT0 UTHOGRAPHEK WASHINGTON, D c.

with

STATES PATENT SLATE-SAWI NG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 232,000, datedSeptember 7, 1880.

Application filed April 26, 1880. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Looms B. OLoesTom' of Fair Haven, in the county ofRutland and State of Vermont, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Slate-Sawing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for sawing slate inwhich the mot-ion of the primemoving band-wheel, or other equivalentwheel, will communicate motion to the saw, and at the same time be madeto communicate motion to a movable table which carries the block, andcarry the slate thereon against the saw with a greater or less degree ofrapidity, as may be selected, while operating the same, and also be madeto communicate motion in a reverse direction to the table to carry itback with a greater speed.

The objects of my improvements are to produce, in a slate-sawingmachine, mechanism which will cause the table carrying the slate to bemoved forward with a slow speed and backward with a faster speed, at thewill of the operator; and to cause the forward movement of the table tobe increased or diminished, as may be selected; and to provide specialmechanism by which the increased or diminished speed of the forwardmovement of the table may bereadilyimparted; andto provide means bywhich the primemoving shaft will be made to operate all parts of themachine and the operator be enabled to regulate at will the speed of theforward movement of the slate against the saw and cause the slate to becarried back from the saw without stopping the revolving of theprime-moving shaft or drivewheel. I attain these objects by themechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Figure 1represents a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 2 is a plan View of thesame with a portion of the table broken away. Fig. 3 is a sectionalelevation taken at line No. 1 in Fig. 2. Fig. at is a cross-sectionalview of the feed-wheel and its actuating mechanism, taken at line No.2in Fig. l and line No. 3 in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of thefeed mechanism, taken at line No. 4 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the friction-wheel andfriction-griping devices,taken at line No. 5 in Fi 5; and Fig. 7 illustrates a modification ofthe friction-surface of the feed-wheel and griping-blocks employedtherewith.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings, A represents the main frame of the machine, which mainframe supports the movable table 13, resting on ways a a and a (6', andguided by the Vshaped ways I) I), made in the lower side of said table,and working in ways a a, as shown in Fig. 3. The frame A is stiffened bystruts running from side to-side, in the usual manner practiced by thetrade. Securely attached to the said main frame, from one of its sides,is the gear-shaft frame A. cast solid with table B is the tooth-rack G,Figs. 2 and 3, which toothrack extends the full length of said table onits lower side.

D is the d rivepulley shaft, carrying the driving pulley or wheel D andloose wheel D Secured to shaft D is the pinion E, which actucarries thearbor of saw F.

All the above-described parts are old and well-known in slate-sawingmachines, and were or are used in connection with other devices whichare entirely dispensed with by me, by reason of the employment of thedevices and parts embodied in my improved machine.

- Supported in bearings c c is the feed-wheel shaft H, which shaftcarries the feed-wheel I, secured to it, loose rack-pinion J, having oneend provided with clutch-teeth c, and the loose clutch K, as shown inFigs. 2 and 3. The loose clutch is held so as to turn with shaft H by aspline or feather, d, and at the same time be free to be moved in eitherdirection on said shaft to engage with the teeth 0 of pinion J, or bedisengaged from the same.

()11 the saw-shaft F is placed the loose pinion L, provided at one endwith clutch-teeth ff, running in opposite direction to the teeth 0 e ofpinion J. A loose clutch, M, works on shaft F, and is held with the sameby spline g. Secured to the frame, from its lower side, is bar It, towhich is pivoted the shipping-lever i, which carries forks m m, pivotedto said shipping-lever and working in grooves n a, made in clutches Kand M. Pivoted to the rear end of shipping-lever t is the shipping-barN, provided with handle and catches 1, 2, and 8.

ates gear-wheel G, secured to shaft F, which Securely attached to or Thefeed-wheel l is secured to shaft H and revolves the same, and isprovided with a friction surface or periphery, 1, Figs. 2, 4, 5, 6, and7, and the internal friction-surfaces, s 8. (Shown in Figs. 4. and 5.)

Arranged loosely on shaft H and at the sides of the feed-wheel are thearms 0 O, which vibrate on said shaft. Made solid with each of said armsare griping-lips p p, which griping-lips work against the internalfrictionsurfaces, 8 s, as shown in Figs. etand 5. Cast solid also withsaid arms are lugs q g, which lugs hold movable friction-blocks r 1",which rest on the friction-surface of the periphery l, as shown in Figs.4, 5, and 6. Pivotcd to the arms 0 0, as at 4, are the levers q Q2, theshort ends of which levers are made slightly oblique, and bear on themovable blocks or dogs 1 1*, while the long ends of said levers arepivoted to the arms or rods R R, which arms R R, together with levers qQ2, form substantially a pair of toggle-levers, which, when operatedalternately, will exert pressure on the friction-dogs r r, to cause thesame to bug on the friction-surface Z of the feed-wheel, and bealternately released from the same, while at the same time they willcause the friction-lips p p to alternately hug the internalfriction-surfaces, s s, and release the same. The opposite ends of armsRR are pivoted to the arms T T, attached to or made solid with therock-shaft U, which rock-shaftis supported in suitable bearings from theframe. The said arms T T may be provided with several pivot-holes, t if,from any of which the arms or rods R B may be pivoted. Secured to therock-shaft U is the rock-lever V, which rock- .lever is actuated bypitman or eccentric rod WV, operated by eccentric X on shaft D of thedriving-wheel D. The said pitman is connected to rock-lever V by ahousing, 20, or sleeve, which may be moved on said rock-lever in eitherdirection. Rollers may be placed in said housing to bear against theedges of lever V, and relieve it from excessive friction.

A wheel, Y, secured to shaft 2, and provided with a cord, chain, orwire, 5, is provided for raising or lowering the end of the pitman-rodconnected with rock-lever V, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The shaft 2 runsbeneath the frame of the machine, and extends to the opposite side ofthe same, and is supported in bearings, and provided with aratchet-wheel and pawl, Y, and crank handle or wheel 2. The cord 5passes over pulley 6, as it runs from wheel Y, to the housing w of thepitman.

The manner in which the several parts of this invention operate is asfollows: \Vheu power is applied to band-wheel D the pinion E will berevolved in direction of arrow 1 and will actuate gear-wheel G indirection of arrow 2, and thereby give motion to saw F. When theshipping-bar N is so moved by the operator as to cause catch 2 of saidbar to engage with the frame the shipping-lever i will be held so as tothrow both clutches M and K out of engagement or contact with their respective pinions L and J, so that said pinions will be idle.

When the shipping bar N is pushed inward so as to cause its catch 3 toengage with the frame the clutch M will be thrown in engagement withpinion L, and cause it to revolve and operate with rack O of table B, tocarry the said table backward with a considerable speed.

When said shipping-bar is pulled outward, so that its catch 1 will holdwith the frame, the shipping-lever i will throw clutch M oiit ofengagement with pinion L and clutch K into engagement with pinion J,when said pinions will be revolved forward by the feed-wheel shaft H,and will operate, with rack O of table B, to carr said table forward indirection of arrow 3 in Fig. 2.

The shaft D being revolved will also revolve the eccentric X, andthereby impart a reciprocating motion to pitman W, which pitman will giwe to the rock-lever V a vibrating movement, and thereby oscillaterock-shaft U and its connecting-arms T T, which arms will be alternatelyvibrated in opposite directions, as indicated by full and dotted linesin Fig.5.

When the rear arm, T, is vibrated upward it will carry the rod or arm Rand lever q upward, and lever q will swing on pivot 4, and throw theface of the short end of said lever against the friction block or dog1", and force the same tightly against the friction-surface l of thefeed-wheel, and at the same time draw the griping-lip p of arm 0 againstthe internal friction-surface, s, so that the rim of said wheel will bestrongly griped. The upward movement of the lever q being continued, thearm 0 will be carried upward to the distance limited by the oscillationof the rock-shaft, or as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 5, andthereby cause the feed-wheel to be turned to a short distance.

While the said rear arm, T, of rock-shaft U is being oscillated upwardan d is actuating the IOO feed-wheel through the parts 1%, q, 0, and r,

as described, the forward arm, T, will be oscillated downward, and drawits connectingarm R, lever (1 and arm 0 downward, with the short arm oflever q freed from contact with its frictioirdog 1*, so as to free thesame from all bite on the feed-wheel.

When the rock-shaft is oscillated in an opposite direction, so as tocarry the rear arm, T, of the same back and downward, the frictiondog 1"and lip 19 will release their bite on the friction-surfaces of thefeed-wheel, while at the same time the arm T will be oscillated upwardand, through the parts It and (1 cause the friction-dog r to bite thefeed-wheel, together with the lip 19, and gripe the said wheel, and,through arm 0, turn the feed-wheel to a short distance.

It will be readily observed that, by reason of the form of constructionof the friction-dogs r r and their manner of arrangement in rela tion tothe feed-wheel, the said dogs are made to have a movement toward andfrom the friction-surface l or periphery of said wheel which is whollyin the direction of a radial line from the axis of the same, and nottangentially, as friction dogs or gripes have heretofore been employedwith friction clutches and feedwheels, and that by reason of this radialline of movement of the said dogs the frictional surface with which saiddogs operate will not become indented and cut away, as is the case withthose friction-wheels which employ dogs or obliquely-operating gripes orwrench-levers, which impart abite to the wheel by the action of thecorner edges of blocks or keys as heretofore employed; and it will befurther observed that thedogs or lips 11 1), operating with the internalfrictional surfaces, 8 s, of the feedwheel, have their movements, thoughslight,in the direction of a line radial from the axis of saidfeed-wheel, the same as that of dogs 'r r, and though their movementsare in the same radial line, yet when dogs 1" and p and r and p, intheir respective pairs, are simultaneously moved in frictional contactwith their frictionsurfaces respectively their movements will be inopposite directions on the same radial line, and the contact of one ofthe dogs of each pair will be made to be reactive against the other oneof the same pair, so that the side marginal rims of the feed-wheel willbe firmly and forcibly griped from the opposite sides without thesurfaces being indented or cut, as they are by the friction dogs,gripes, or wrenches heretofore employed and operating tangentially,obliquely, or by the action of the corner edges of friction blocks orpieces.

The oscillations of the roclcshaft being continued in alternatedirections will impart to levers q and q' alternate vibrations, and eachwill alternately force their respective frictiondogs to bite on thefeed-wheel, and move the same to a short distance and release the same,so that the feed-wheel will be made to slowly revolve by reason of theimpulses given it by the biting of the friction dogs and lugs 011 thefriction-surlaces of the same and the upward vibrations of the arms 0 0at the time the bite is made.

The clutch K being in engagement with piir ion J, and shaft H beingrevolved by the vibrations of the arms 0 0 and the operations of thefriction-dogs r r and lugs 12 p with the feed-wheel, the said pinionwill be made to move the table B in a direction toward the cutting sideof the saw through the rack C.

When the connecting end of the pitman W, connecting with the rock-leverV, is moved up to the head of said rock-lever, or to near the rock-shaftU, the feed-wheel will be revolved with greatest speed as the pitman isoperated by the eccentric X, and when the end of the said pitman ismoved downward from the head end of said rock-lever to the tail end ofthe same, the feed-wheel will be revolved slower; and the feed-wheel mayhave given to it a higher or lower rate of speed, as may be selected, bysimply shifting the end of the pitman to any selected point between thetwo ends of the rock-lever which will correspond with the length of theoscillation of the rockshaft desired to be had. For lengthening orshortening the are of the circle the arms 0 O are to travel at eachvibration.

A further change of the speed of the feedwheel may be effected bypivoting the arms or rods R R to the arms T T at points higher to orfarther from the rock-shaft; and when said arms or rods It R are pivotedto arms T T at their outer ends the speed of the feed-wheel will beincreased, while when pivoted at points higher to the rock-shaft thespeed will be lessened. I

When operating with a block of slate of varying thickness in its length,or of different degrees of hardness, the operator will regulate thespeed of the feed-wheel for feeding the slate forward to the saw bymeans of the hand wheel or crank z, shaft 2, wheel Y, and cord 5, andeffect an elevation of the connecting end of the pitman on therock-lever when the slate is thin and a gradual lowering of the pitmanas the slate becomes thicker or harder. This increase or diminution ofthe speed of the feed-wheel and thefeed of the slate to the saw can beat all times readily effected by the operator while the several parts ofthe machine are in operation sawing the slate.

Fig. 7 illustrates a modification of the form of the outer surface ofthe feed-wheel I, in which are shown annular V-shaped projections, whichmay be employed instead of the plane surfaces I, if selected. In such acase the bearing ends of the friction-dogs r r are to be made tocorrespond with the said V-shaped annular projections l l, as shown insaid figure.

ltis obvious that should the feed-wheel I be provided withratchet-teeth, and the arms 0 0 be each provided with pawls, and all theother parts be employed, a similar rotation of the feed wheel would beeffected when the rock-shaft is oscillated; but in such a case no suchnice adjustment of degrees of speed of the feed-wheel could be had aswith the frietion-dogs and friction -surfaces of the feedwheel abovedescribed. Therefore 1 give preference to the friction devicesdescribed, though teeth in the face of the feed-wheel and pawls may beconsidered as equivalents to the frietion devices employed by me.

It will be readily observed that should the friction-lips p p bedispensed with the friction dogs or blocks 1. r would operate againstthe friction-surface l of the feedavhcel and react against the draft ofthe arms 0 O on the feed-wheel shaft with a similar effect, but with aless degree of force, than would the lips 12 19 on the surfaces 8 s, asdescribed.

It will also be readily observed that by the abovedescribed improvementsone set of driving-band wheels, together with their bands, shafts,bearings, and also two pairs of cone-pulleys, and the bevel-gears,worm-gears, racks,

and universal joints heretofore employed in slate-sawing machines areentirely dispensed with, and that the number of operating parts aregreatly reduced, and also that the operator, standing at one side of themachine, can readily control the machine, increase or lessen the speedof the feed of the slate to the saw, and reverse the movement of thetable carrying the slate, or stop the movement of the table at anypoint, as occasion may require or at any time he may select.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, 1s-- 1. In a slate-sawing machine, the combina tion,with the shaft revolving the saw in one;

direction and the feed-wheel shaft revolving in an opposite direction,of loose pinions L and J, clutches M and K, andshipping-lever 2. In aslate-sawing machine, the combina, tion, with the shaft carrying thepinion oper-'.

ating with the rack O of the table to carry-the same forward toward thecutting side of the} saw, of a feed-wheel secured to said pini0n-' shaftand revolved with a slow movement by vibrating mechanism operated by arock or. oscillating shaft and acting upon the periplncry of saidfeed-wheel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a slate-sawing machine, the combination and arrangement, with thewheel I, of the friction-dogs r r, acting each on the periphery of saidwheel in a line of directionv which is wholly radial from the axis ofsaid wheel, and carried and opera-ted by mechan; ism substantially inthe manner and for the purposes set forth. Y

4. In a slate-sawing machine, a feed-gear formed by the combination andarrangement, with wheel I and arms 0 0, adapted to be vibrated from theshaft of said wheels, of friction-dogs r 1", carried by said arms andconfined to lines of movement which are wholly radial from or with theshaft of said wheel, and let ers q (1 which, when alternately operated,will force said dogs alternately in frictional contact with theperiphery of said Wheel and cause said arms to be alternately vibratedin the manner described, for the purposes set forth.

5. In a slate-sawing machine, the combination and arrangement, withwheel I, provided with external friction-surface, l, and internalfriction-surfaces, s s, of dogs r r and p 10, acting with saidfriction-surfaces respectively, as described, in lines of directionwhich are radial from the axis of said wheel but in opposite andreactive directions, and mechanism which will force said dogs in pairs,r and p and r and p, alternately in frictional contact with said wheeland impart to them reciprocating movements alternately in oppositedirections, as set forth.

6. The combination, with rock-shaft U, provided with arms T T, rods R R,levers q q, of the vibrating arms 0 0, dogs 1" r, and feedwheel I, asand for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with feed-wheel I and dogs 7" 1, carried by arms 0 Oand biting on said feed-wheel, and an oscillating shaft connected bylevers jointed to said arms, of the rock-lever V, attached to saidoscillating sh aft, eccentric rod or pitman connectedwith saidrock-lever so as to be moved to any point on the same, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination, with shaft D, revolving with a high speed, eccentricX, eccentric-rod W, and rock-shaft U, vibrated by said eccentric androd, of the feed-wheel I, dogs 1* 1", and mechanism operated by saidrock-shaft to cause said (logs to bite on the surface of said wheel andmove the same forward, whereby the said feed wheel will be revolved witha lower speed by shaft D without the employment of intermediate gears,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination, with the saw-shaft revolved with a high speed andcarrying a pinion to move table B backward, of a feed-wheel revolving apinion to move the table forward, duplex friction devices alternatelyoperating with said feed-wheel to rotate the same in a directionopposite to the revolution of the sawshaft and with a lower speed thanthat of said saw-shaft, as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination, with rockshaft U, provided with arms T T, androck-lever V, actuated by a shaft rotating at high speed, and mechanismactuating duplex biting devices operating with feed-wheel I by asuccession-of vibrating movements imparted by eccentric-rod W, ofmechanism Y, under control of the operator, and adapted to shift saideccentric-rod on said rock-lever, as and for the purpose set forth.

LUOIUS B. OLOGSTON.

Witnesses A. H. GRAY, H. D. BACON.

